You are managing a construction project to build a new office facility. During project planning, you identify that concrete foundation work cannot begin until the excavation is complete and inspected. The concrete must cure for 7 days before framing can start. You need to document these relationships in your project schedule. What type of dependency exists between excavation and foundation work?

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A. This is a mandatory dependency (also called hard logic) because it is inherent in the nature of the work—physically, the excavation must be complete before concrete can be poured. This is not discretionary because there is no alternative sequencing possible. While discretionary dependencies (option B) are preferred logic based on best practices or team preferences, mandatory dependencies are required by the work itself, contractual obligations, or physical limitations. External dependencies involve parties outside the project, and resource dependencies are based on resource availability rather than the inherent nature of the work.

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